Final Project: Development in North Valentine

Much of the detail study area (Southwest Trafficway to Pennsylvania Avenue, 33rd Street to 35th Street) is vacant land with ample opportunity for development. Following existing zoning land use and planned future land use from the Midtown/Plaza Area plan, the majority of the proposed housing is low density residential in the interior of the neighborhood. Medium density is proposed along the northern edge of the study area, at the intersection of Southwest Trafficway and 33rd Street. At the south-east corner of the study area, a new neighborhood park is proposed and aims to provide the neighborhood with park space that currently does not exist within the neighborhood. The eastern boundary of the area- Southwest Trafficway- is a dangerous 6 lane “stroad” that carries a large of amount of high speed traffic but still maintains numerous driveways. This plan proposes that Southwest Trafficway receive a road diet, being reduced from 6 to 4 lane. This wills till maintain the road as an important arterial but right sizes the road to abutting existing and proposed conditions, and current speed limit of 35 miles per hour. Additionally, the road diet opens the possibility of introducing a more convenient rapid transit option to the neighborhood. Changes to traffic patterns- specifically traffic continuing past the neighborhood to the Country Club Plaza and Johnson County- is expected to be absorbed by I-35, 7th Street Trafficway, and the new proposed rapid transit line. In addition to the new transit line, a new transit center on the MCC – Penn Valley campus is also proposed. This transit center would provide rider and transit operator amenities such as restrooms, seating, bicycle parking, etc, and give a dedicated connection/transfer point between the 2 existing bus routes in the area, the proposed transit line, and the college campus.

Shown above are renderings of four of the major improvements proposed to the study area.

First, are improvements to the streetscape and pedestrian safety on 33rd Street from Broadway to Southwest Trafficway.

Second, is the new neighborhood park at 35th and Pennsylvania.

Third, is the proposed road diet and accompanying bus line to Southwest Trafficway.

Fourth, is a simple mockup of the proposed transit center within the MCC – Penn Valley campus.

The suggested housing typologies are drawn mostly from existing structures within the neighborhood, specifically the small and medium size apartments shown. The duplex and triplex example shows housing stock typical of Chicago and was chosen as a demonstration of how the single family aesthetic of the neighborhood could be maintained while still increasing the total number of housing units proposed.

The “Medium Density Residential” land use shown in the above site encompasses small and medium size apartments and “Low Density Residential” is intended for duplexes and triplexes . 23 of the proposed structures are shown as medium density and would provide 92 to 276 housing units depending on final developments. 26 of the proposed structure are shown as low density, providing up to 78 housing units. In total this proposal could bring up to 354 new housing units the neighborhood.

The graphics above show the total cost and the implementation timeline for the project. Using 2021 RSMeans data and data from the Federal Highway Administration, the total cost is estimated to be 31.3 million dollars. The vast majority of the cost comes from the construction of the proposed small density structures, estimated at 21 million dollars. Admittedly, the cost estimation process was done quickly using now outdated data, so the true cost of the project is likely much higher than what is shown.

Implementation is shown over a 20 year period and gives the rough timeline expected. Priority is given to important amenities such as the transit center, neighborhood park, various infrastructure improvements, in order bring their benefit to the area as quickly as possible. The park and transit center are anticipated to be completed within 5 years, while infrastructure improvements are spread out over the full 20 year period to keep major disruptions in the area to a minimum. As a major infrastructure project, the Southwest Trafficway adjustment is expected to begin within 5 years and taking up to 10 years for full implementation. Housing is also expected to begin within 5 years and take 15 years or more for full build out.

Trail Blazin’: Reconnecting Infrastructure, Community, and Opportunity

“We have to stop demolishing places just to make it easier for cars to access more places.” — Mica

Trail Blazin’ The Midwest using Urban Ekistics to reimagine North Valentine as a connected ecological multimodal SMART district designed around the idea that cities function best when mobility, housing, public space, and community operate together rather than independently. Inspired by principles of Urban Ekistics, the project views Kansas City as a living system shaped by relationships between people, nature, society, infrastructure, and the built environment. The final site plan transforms Southwest Trafficway into a linear civic corridor (Steptoe Trail: 43rd-31st Street) that integrates below-grade transit infrastructure with an activated public space above grade. The proposal introduces protected bike infrastructure, adaptive gathering spaces, green alleyways, shaded pedestrian corridors, bioswales, multimodal pathways, and connective crossings designed to repair fragmented edges and reconnect neighborhoods previously divided by auto-oriented infrastructure. Alongside the corridor, is the Turnkey Multi-Stage Living strategy which introduces flexible housing models including brownstones, modular duplexes, mixed-use residential spaces, and quasi-industrial maker environments designed to support affordability, co-op living, students, artists, and multi-generational households. These choices were intentionally made in response to the existing conditions within Valentine, where institutional expansion, surface parking, underutilized land, fragmented public space, and limited housing diversity have weakened the continuity of the neighborhood fabric.

The implementation strategy is designed as a phased and collaborative process that combines public investment, institutional partnerships, zoning adaptation, and incremental redevelopment over a projected 10–25 year period. The proposal includes three major systems: Metro Link, a regional (KCMSA) multimodal transit network estimated between $45 – 65 billion; A linear park and civic infrastructure system: Steptoe Trail,  estimated around $3 billion; and Turnkey Multi-Stage Living, a housing and mixed-use development strategy estimated around $350 million. Funding strategies include federal infrastructure grants, transit-oriented development revenue, affordable housing programs, environmental grants, institutional partnerships, and public-private collaboration. Inspired by projects such as the Atlanta BeltLine, Seoul’s Cheonggyecheon Stream Restoration, Singapore’s HDB housing model, and Taipei’s mixed-use density strategies. The project ultimately asks how Kansas City can reconnect itself socially, environmentally, and economically while preparing for a more resilient future. Trail Blazin’ is more than a redevelopment proposal, it’s a vision for how infrastructure can once again function as community space creating a more connected livable Midtown area for generations to come.

                                                                                                         

Valentine Is Almost There 

It Doesn’t Need Reinvention: It Needs Investment and a little love. Urban planners look at vacant lots, underused buildings, or awkward spaces and immediately start imagining cafés, apartments, bike lanes, mixed-use developments, public plazas, and bookstores with exposed brick walls and hanging plants. But in the case of North Valentine, beneath the fragmented infrastructure and inconsistent development patterns is a neighborhood with enormous potential. It doesn’t need to become something entirely different, because it already possesses many of the qualities people actively search for in urban neighborhoods: density, historic character, walkability, cultural identity, and strong regional connectivity to The Plaza, Westport, and Downtown. The existing conditions reveal a neighborhood caught between two eras; one shaped by historic urbanism and another dominated by auto-oriented infrastructure. As Kansas City continues evolving, Valentine presents an opportunity to rethink how development can strengthen community life and repair past infrastructural trauma. 

This  thinking is the foundation for Trail Blazin’ which uses Urban Ekistics,  to propose a parti  centered on connectivity, adaptability, and long-term neighborhood resilience. The project introduces ideas such as Multi-Stage Living, adaptive reuse, makers paces, ecological infrastructure, and multimodal public space to support a future where people become the priority again. Southwest Trafficway is reimagined as a ecological civic corridor with housing, public space, and mobility systems designed to function together rather than independently. However, none of this can happen without collaboration. Major stakeholders (neighborhood residents, developers, institutions, local businesses) like; Kansas City Life, MCC, VFW, VNA and the City of Kansas City must work together to create a shared vision for the future of Valentine. Because Valentine does not need reinvention: just a little love; coordinated investment, strategic planning, and the opportunity to fully become the community it was always capable of being.

Final Presentation

For my final presentation I leaned heavily on the design of policy rather than focusing more on the design of the built environment. The policy I designed is called the Housing & Economic Development Authority.

The Housing & Economic Development Authority (HEDA) is a proposed municipal agency for Kansas City, Missouri that would function as the City’s in-house real estate developer, property manager, and public construction authority. Authorized under Missouri Revised Statutes Chapter 99, HEDA combines acquisition, development, and management of affordable housing with economic development under a single governance structure.

HEDA operates three coordinated revenue and development streams. Stream 1 is acquisition and rental: Section 108 seed financing capitalizes the purchase of existing occupied multifamily properties from the private market, generating day-one rental income that flows to the City through a structured reverse payment in lieu of taxes (PILOT). Stream 2 is new construction, demonstrated at scale by the proof-of-concept Valentine neighborhood redevelopment master plan and phased over the long term as authority capacity matures. Stream 3 is construction services: HEDA’s in-house construction division performs fee-for-service work for other public bodies, mission-aligned nonprofits (including affordable homeownership partners such as Habitat for Humanity Kansas City and the Kansas City Community Land Trust), and qualifying private clients, recycling margin to the general fund.

HEDA’s financial model is revenue-positive from Year 1. Capital costs are funded through a sequenced strategy: a $42.5 million HUD Section 108 loan deployed Years 1–3 (secured by CDBG allocations at zero net cost to the general fund), followed by a master drawdown revenue bond facility issued against demonstrated debt service coverage, the Underutilization & Vacancy (UV) Tax revenue stream, and portfolio rental income beginning Year 4. Acceptance of Housing Choice Vouchers at projected ~50% penetration in acquired buildings closes the gap between deeply affordable rents and authority operating costs by routing existing federal subsidy through HEDA rather than private landlords. Revenue generated by HEDA is constantly reinvested: HEDA’s 90% Operational Capacity Rule ensures that no more than 90% of total authority inputs are consumed by total authority outputs in any year, guaranteeing a minimum 10% net contribution to the general fund at all times while maximizing portfolio expansion.

Maximum rents are capped at the higher of fifty percent of comparable private-market rent or a tiered minimum wage floor (15% of full-time minimum wage gross income for studios, increasing 18% per additional bedroom). Under current market conditions the 50%-of-market formula governs all unit types, producing a weighted average of approximately $615 per month with no annual escalation. Mixed-use developments include ground-floor commercial space leased at below-market rates to locally owned small businesses through a scored application process. At disciplined acquisition pace of 250 units per year plus phased new construction, HEDA reaches approximately 5,263 units by Year 20 and 6,513 units by Year 25, generating a cumulative general fund contribution of $623.5 million over 25 years.

Development Opportunities

Valentine, unfortunately, has a myriad of development opportunities due to the massive demolition projects without replacements conducted by the Kansas City Life Insurance Company. Ultimately I think what the Valentine neighborhood needs most is truly affordable housing that is slightly more dense than single unit structures that match the current character of the neighborhood. The neighborhood would benefit from much more density but at a base level it needs to be at least slightly denser than the remaining character of the southern side of Valentine.

Elements of the Public Realm: Parking Garages

I looked at parking garages and how they interacted with the public realm within the Valentine neighborhood and Midtown. There were many examples of very bad or ugly forms and few examples of what I would consider good form. Let’s define my criteria, first if a parking garage is a stand-alone structure (meaning it doesn’t fill the same space as the structure it services) it is automatically bad form in my book. This is really the only criteria because the land use is the first most important piece in urban planning and city design. A stand-alone parking garage means that space is only ever used for parking, when it could be used for housing, commercial, and anything else. As long as we rely primarily on cars as our mode of transportation we are going to need garages, but they should interact with the public realm positively, or more likely, as little as possible. I think the Congress Lofts built in parking garage plays this role nicely as it has minimal public realm interaction and is integrated into the same structure its servicing.

Transit Analysis

The Valentine neighborhood grew up around the development of the multiple street car routes that paralleled the neighborhood and flowed throughout the greater midtown district. Before Southwest Trafficway barreled through the western Midtown neighborhoods it was called Summit and possessed a streetcar that ran through the center of the street. On the other side of the Valentine neighborhood, Broadway Blvd had a mix of bus and streetcar routes over the years.

As time rolled on and paradigms shifted streetcars were removed, bus routes were cut, and streets were upgraded to handle higher capacities of car use. Today Southwest Trafficway acts as an interurban highway, moving cars to and from I-35 down to the Plaza eventually connecting to Ward Parkway. A bus route still exists on Broadway, though its route is much different than previous iterations. Valentine is also in proximity to the new Main St Streetcar route, only four blocks away.

Urbanist remiss the days of old when the Valentine neighborhood had an abundance of public transit access, but all hope is not lost. Both Broadway Blvd and Southwest Trafficway corridors are still ideal candidates for additional streetcar extensions to connect downtown with the southern neighborhoods, potentially rolling all the way down to 95th St. There is always the option of a more connected Valentine, but it will take most of the city to rebuild the once great Kansas City streetcar and larger public transit infrastructure.

Below is a public transit map of Kansas City’s streetcar, trolley and motor bus lines from 1944.

Introduction to the Valentine Neighborhood – Daniel Baldwin

My first impressions of the Valentine neighborhood were ones of nostalgia for a time I never knew. Seeing what’s left of the structures of yesterday, still housing activity, seems to keep a link between now and the past. Though many of the original structures of the Valentine neighborhood weren’t as lucky in their circumstances, the many structures that still stand today serve to remind us of the city that once was. This feeling of nostalgia was, unfortunately, evanescent once the scars of wounds inflicted by a past culture were evident in the built environment.

Now introducing the Kansas City Life Insurance Company. KC Life isn’t particularly special in their role within the 20th century cultural phenomenon of suburbanization and real estate redevelopment, but they are an interesting actor within the context of the Valentine neighborhood. The reason they are interesting is that they started purchasing and demolishing structures in their neighborhood of Valentine in the mid 20th century, this was standard operations for the time, but unlike many other mid-century re-development projects, use Crown Center as an example, the KC Life redevelopment plan in Valentine never came to fruition. Most of the mid-century redevelopment projects started at the same time as the KC Life project have either been completed or abandoned by 2026, but KC Life has resiliency and determination as they just recently, in 2025, demolished 16 more structures on properties they owned. KC Life owns 83 total properties in the Valentine neighborhood, though not all improvements have been demolished, renting out the units in structures that are still habitable and standing. As KC Life continues to remove structures in the Valentine neighborhood, they still only have vague concepts of plans for what will eventually be built on those many empty lots.

As I mentioned, neither the Kansas City Life Insurance Company nor the Valentine neighborhood are unique in their relationship via their shared built environments, but their respective cultural evolution, or lack there of, leads to increasing more cultural dissonance within the neighborhood as one entity, presumably, refuses to grow, while the other is more in line with the contemporary cultural shifts, which have almost completely move the Overton Window on what it means to be a member in a community and a neighbor.

The Valentine neighborhood is overflowing with history from, seemingly, endless cultures and changes in the built environment. While it is rich with culture, it seems locked in a state of cultural paradigm shifts, struggling to grow. While growing pains are difficult and sometimes take a while to recede, that is all in the effort to build a community, not just an area where people live. These are the efforts I have recognized from the Valentine neighborhood and its neighborhood association.

Development Opportunities in North Valentine

Over the last 50 years, Valentine has lost numerous housing units leading to an excess of vacant land in the northern portion of the neighborhood. A portion of this land has already been identified by Kansas City Life Insurance as an opportunity for housing development and considering the now vacant land was once housing, it follows that all that land could be used for housing once again. Another development opportunity for the neighborhood is the construction of a park. While there are nearby parks such as Roanoke Park to the west, Hyde Park to the East, and Penn Valley Park to the north, access to these parks are blocked by major roads that act as a barrier for Valentine residents. The construction of a new neighborhood park would leverage the already vacant land for productive use.

Valentine Census Data: Education

I was tasked with researching education statistics in the Valentine neighborhood and how it compares to both Midtown and Kansas City over the last 8 decades. These research points include educational attainment and enrollment by public or private schooling.

Educational Attainment

As shown in Fig. 1, Valentine is a relatively well-educated neighborhood with nearly 80% of the population achieving at least some college education.

Fig. 1

This is line with data seen across the Midtown area in Kansas City, shown in Fig. 2, of which Valentine is a part of- having a similar 80% of the population achieving a college education.

Fig. 2

Both Valentine and Midtown outpace Kansas City in college educational attainment- shown in Fig. 3- though Kanas City is still well-educated with just over 60% of the population reaching college education. As a result, in all geographies, both Less than Highschool and Highschool attainments have continuously fallen.

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 4 shows public versus private school attendance across all 3 geographies. While attendance splits have remained relatively constant in Midtown and Kansas City, Valentine has seen fluctuations over the last 60 years, though private school enrollment has consistently been above what is seen in Midtown and Kansas City.

Displays student work in UPD 312